Computer Fraud And Abuse Act ( Cfaa ) And Cyberbullying Essay

Emily Jessep Intellectual Property Crimes Professors Dreyfuss and First November 15, 2016 INCOMPATIBLE: The Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (CFAA) and Cyberbullying I. Introduction The Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (CFAA) does not cover cyberbullying done via social networking websites and should not be used to prosecute it. Application of the CFAA to cyberbullying prosecutions is inconsistent with the intended scope of the statute and the existing interpretations of its provisions. Practically speaking, nothing in the history of the CFAA suggests that Congress envisioned a cyberbullying prosecution under the statute. The CFAA itself was developed in response to the emerging problems of cybercrime. Mail and wire fraud statutes could not adequately deal with the issue. This shows that once technology develops, the legislature and laws must develop with it. Constitutionally, the CFAA fails as a tool to prosecute cyberbullying because, when applied to that conduct, the statute is void for vagueness. First, the statute does not place an ordinary person on notice that their conduct is illegal. Second, the statute does not give minimal objective criteria to assist law enforcement agencies in its application. Part II of this paper will discuss the cultural and legal definitions of cyberbullying and briefly touch upon why it has become a pervasive problem. Part III of this paper will focus on the evolution of the CFAA, its legislative history, and how courts are applyingShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Cyberbullying On The Internet1449 Words   |  6 Pagesresponse. Not only is cyberbullying a huge threat in present time, but it can also lead to long term effects that could permanently ruin an individual going through adulthood. Some of these devastating effects include: suicide, grades start dropping, overall school participation begins to decline, depression, and vengeance (Mirsky, E. L., Omar, H. A. 2015). The more society becomes involves in the situation, the better chance society has in creating new laws to combat cyberbullying and the consequencesRead MoreAs computer access becomes increasingly prevalent with our children, concerns have been raised2900 Words   |  12 PagesAs com puter access becomes increasingly prevalent with our children, concerns have been raised about that lack of parental awareness of their content exposure. One of the areas of great concern revolves around cyberbullying. The emotional damage created by the simple strokes of a keypad is often overlooked because of the electronic nature of the abuse. Cyberbullying like any other form of bullying, must be closely monitored by school administrators with strict consequences for violators. After reading

Essay on Babe Ruth - 1027 Words

Babe Ruth Babe Ruth is an American hero. He transformed baseball from a sport, to a national pastime when it needed it the most. Coming off of the wake of the Black Socks scandal, baseball was headed downhill. It had a bad reputation, and interest was waning. The dead-ball era was dragging on, and there were to few baseball purists left to support it. Baseball was in search of a new audience, and Babe Ruth handed it to them on a silver platter. Babe Ruth started the Home run era of baseball. In the dead-ball scores of 2-1 1-0 was the norm. With the advent of the Home run era, games that averaged 1-2 runs an inning were common. What once took a couple hits, walks, and a stolen base to accomplish were being done with the†¦show more content†¦Mary who were poor, or orphans. Brother Mathias was the one who introduced Babe to baseball, as a recreational game to play during the spring. It wasnt long until Babe was the only 13 year old playing on the 16 years and older team. First as a catcher, then later as a Pitcher. It was here that he first established a prowess for hitting. His long home runs would leave local audiences speechless. It was his pitching, however that landed him his first professional job. Jack Dunn of the then minor league Baltimore Orioles signed him at the young age of 17. He played a few years for the Orioles, until Dunn sold him to the Boston Red Sox. Babe pitched well, finally breaking into the Red Sox starting rotation in 1918. Then the Red Sox ran into some hard luck, and in search of money sold him for the then huge amount of money, 125,000. It is often said that New York and Babe Ruth were made for one another, and by the way Babe took New York by storm, it is hard to dispute the saying. He took an instant liking to the big city, enjoying bars, dance clubs and people in general. It was in New York that Babe started the long ball game. In the early twentys Babes home run totals usually eclipsed that of any other TEAM in baseball. After a few years however, people began to pattern there swing after babe, and pretty soon each team had their own home run experts. The boom in runShow MoreRelatedPaytons Babe Ruth1006 Words   |  4 Pagesof Americas most popular sports. It takes skilled players to make the game entertaining and fun. Some skilled players include: Jackie Robinson, Ty Cobb, Willie Mays, Lou Gehrig and Stan Musial. But none of these players are as good as Babe Ruth. George Herman Ruth was born on February 6, 1895 in a small house in Baltimore, Maryland. George grew up a bum, living on the streets of the Bal timore waterfront. George was a disrespectful kid that always ran away from school. He also smoked and played pranksRead MoreBabe Ruth, Informative1604 Words   |  7 Pagesinfamous â€Å"Babe Ruth†, but few people know that his birth given name is George Herman Ruth, Jr. He lived from February 6, 1895 – August 16, 1948, and was best known as Babe Ruth and nicknamed the Bambino and the Sultan of Swat. Babe was an American baseball player who spent 22 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) playing for three teams between the years of 1914–1935. The most important points of Babe’s life are his early childhood, his major league baseball career, and the legacy that Babe leftRead More Babe Ruth Essay1142 Words   |  5 PagesBabe Ruth Baseball player. Born George Herman Ruth, Jr., on February 6, 1895, in Baltimore, Maryland. He was the first of eight children born to Kate and George Herman Ruth, Sr. Most of the Ruth children died in infancy and only George Jr. and his sister Mamie survived to maturity. Little George, as he was called, grew up in a poor waterfront neighborhood in Baltimore, where he lived above the family saloon. In 1902, the Ruth’s sent their son away to St. Mary’s Industrial School for BoysRead MoreEssay about Babe Ruth2057 Words   |  9 Pages George Herman Ruth Jr. is by far one of Americas greatest sports heroes. He is known primarily for his great baseball exploits and secondary as a man who stayed out late before every game and partied until there was no one left to party with. There is more behind the story of Babe Ruth than just baseball and parties. As a boy Ruth was your average youth who got himself into a little to much trouble and paid the price. As an adult he was a husband and a father who cared more about his family thanRead MoreEssay on Babe Ruth: a Brief Biography539 Words   |  3 PagesBabe Ruth was born on February 6th, 1895 in Baltimore, Maryland. He played in ten World Series. Babe Ruth had a .342 batting average. Throughout his baseball career, he hit 714 homeruns. Babe Ruth played in a total of 2,503 games. In 1914, Babe Ruth made a major debut for the Boston Red Sox. Babe Ruth pitched in 4 out of 5 games in the 1914 baseball season. In 1916, The Red Sox won the World Series. In 1918, instead of being the pitcher, Babe Ruth played in the outfield. In the World Series ofRead More The Life Of Babe Ruth Essay1559 Words   |  7 Pages The Life Of Babe Ruth nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Babe Ruth, born George Ruth, Jr., is considered by many to be the greatest baseball player of all time. Everybody knows how great a hitter Babe was and how he virtually invented the home run. Not everybody knows how great of a pitcher Babe was, even though he was one of the best left-handed pitchers of all time. Babe had a 92 and 44 record, 67.6%, and a 2.24 career earned- run average in 163 games pitched. Not many career .342 hitters that averagedRead MoreEssay about Babe Ruth889 Words   |  4 PagesSchamberger Ruth gave birth to her first child. George Herman Ruth, Jr. was born in Baltimore, Maryland. He was the first of eight children born to Kate and George Herman Ruth. Ruths father worked as a bartender and ultimately opened his own tavern. Many believe that George was an orphan all his life, but for the first seven years of his life he was with his parents, but he survived without guidance on the dirty, crowded streets of the Baltimore riverfront. On June 13, 1902, George Herman Ruth took hisRead MoreBabe Ruth : An American Baseball Hero1272 Words   |  6 PagesGeorge Herman Ruth, better known as Babe Ruth, is an American baseball hero due to his successes that have allowed him to become a household name even after his passing. His great legacy lives on, but for those not alive during his reign over baseball, it is sometimes hard to grasp the Babe’s true life story, which is where film comes into play. In the several films about Babe Ruth, many differentiating perspectives about his life are introduced. In The Babe Ruth Story (1948) and The Babe (1992), weRead MoreBabe Ruth, Charles Lindbergh, and Heny Ford: Heros of the 1920s706 Words   |  3 Pagesdamaged during World War 1. The 20’s was a time that Americans enjoyed spending that extra time doing many activities. One of American’s favorites was watching baseball games, to be more specific the world’s greatest baseball player at the time, Babe Ruth. Since the war ended it allowed people to let their minds wander and to let their creative sides come out and invent things. Among these new inventers, Henry Ford’s invention had to have been one of the most influential in the 1920’s. Along withRead MoreBabe Ruth. Biography1346 Words   |  6 PagesBabe Ruth â€Å"I wont be happy until we have every boy in America between the ages of six and sixteen wearing a glove and swinging a bat.† - Babe Ruth. George Herman Ruth Jr. this man was born onto this earth on February 6, 1895, and Passed away on August 16, 1948(Schumach). This man is an American icon first, and a baseball legend last. Babe single handedly changed the way of Baseball and how It was played. He rescued the game from the dark days of the dead ball era. Babe’s great deeds on the field

Realistic Training On The Fire Service - 1671 Words

The Need for Realistic Training in the Fire Service The fire service is now being pushed to the limit by communities that expect more out of the types of services provided. More than ever, fire departments rely on training to prepare their new recruits and maintain the skill level of its existing firefighters. These firefighters must be trained so that they will gain the knowledge, skills, and abilities necessary to serve and respond to those in need of assistance. If the fire service desires a change in operations, training is essential to educate firefighters on those changes. Training also allows a fire department to evaluate the capabilities and limitations of its firefighters (National Fire Protection Association, 2009). To have a successful training program, a fire department must evaluate who is being trained and the methods being used. The levels of information retention should be recognized for their various stages of success in the training process. The effects of str ess should be taken into account, and training can be used to counteract detrimental levels of stress. At the forefront of this training, safety of the firefighter is critical. Shortcuts cannot be tolerated during a simulation, otherwise they may be repeated in real life scenarios. The Adult Learner Training today’s modern fire service creates multiple priorities of its training program. The level of success of any training program is directly proportional to the planning efforts. PartShow MoreRelatedFire Ground Exercises At The Fire Service Area1019 Words   |  5 PagesI contemplate one of the most important training items in the fire service area that we need to focus on is authentic fire ground exercises. Fire ground training are drills that reflect real-time circumstances on the emergency scene. Our training needs to focus towards our daily tasks, teamwork and most of all teamwork on the emergency scene. Furthermore, in the past quite a few of my training drills came from the International Fire Service Training Association manual or similar resources. WhileRead MoreU.s. Army Pinon Canyon Maneuver Site1014 Words   |  5 PagesThis analysis on U.S. Army Pinon Canyon Maneuver Site, is to show why the military needs training grounds like this one. â€Å"The Army needs to conduct realistic and coordinated large scale training that integrates the ground and air resources of assigned and visiting units, including mechanized, infantry, support, and combat aviation assets. To accomplish this, the Army must maintain large maneuver and training areas of varying characteristics with complex terrain. Advances and changes in equipmentRead MoreEssay On How To Develop A Departmental Budget949 Words   |  4 PagesEstiville FD will create a budget for a Training Facility, including but not limited to, a Training Tower, a designated EMS Training building, and training simulators. Budget will also include new computers and software to track training, ongoing operational maintenance costs, and personnel training costs. A separate building will house an EMS area where classroom education can be performed. Included as well, will be three new mobile computers for the sole use of training. These computers are to be usedRead MoreThe Generational Differences Between Firefighters1455 Words   |  6 PagesWhat are the generational differences facing the fire service today and what tools can we employ to navigate these differences? It’s the first time in American history that five generations are sharing the workplace, from Traditionalists, Baby Boomers, Generation X, the Millennials or Generation Y, and the new unnamed generation. With five generations come five sets of ideas, how to conduct one’s self, approach activities, values and motivators. Different beliefs, understandings, and undertakingsRead MoreSoldiers Creed, Am I an Expert and Am I a Professional Essay729 Words   |  3 PagesI,† in the opening line. For these words to ring true, the Army must deliver training sufficient to certify professional Soldiers and leaders at all levels. The Army’s ability to recognize this need and adapt its methods speaks volumes for the Profession of Arms. The three components of the Army’s leadership model - institutional, operational and self-development assure that Soldiers and leaders receive the training required to prepare them to be members of the Profession of Arms. As su ch, itRead MoreHazardous Materials Response : The First Responder Role Essay1183 Words   |  5 Pagesand lack of proper judgement may not be the responders fault, it could just mean the first responder lacked the proper training necessary to respond properly and this does not matter whether their intentions were for good or not, and their good intentions could worsen the situation, which could lead to death and could spread the contamination. All of this is why proper training and knowledge is important in regards to hazardous material response. Hazardous Material Response As stated earlier, hazardousRead MoreEvaluating Organizational Health And Safety Policies And Procedural Documents Essay1353 Words   |  6 Pagesauthority’s statutory responsibilities in respect of health and safety and fire safety. †¢ Providing suitable and sufficient health and safety related information, instruction and training. †¢ Developing health surveillance programmers to deal with any identified work related health risks. †¢ Ensuring that health and safety and fire safety plans are developed and maintained in respect of all Council Services. †¢ Ensuring that all Services develop and implement risk assessment programmers. Failure by any HarlowRead MoreEssay on Managing the Fire Service1418 Words   |  6 Pagesorganizational controls. Organizational controls assist managers in their daily operations. Furthermore, Fire Chiefs must understand the essentials of organizational control. Jones George (2011) suggested, â€Å"It helps managers obtain superior efficiency, quality, responsiveness to customers, and innovation-the four building blocks of competitive advantage.† (p. 261) In regards to superior efficiency, the Fire Chief and management staff must evaluate the organization as a whole. In other words, ensuring thatRead MoreFunctions Of The Bcp Is Important For The World Of Disruption Or Crisis1668 Words   |  7 Pagesdata, and any devices that can be saved and transferred to the warm spot †¢ minimizes the downtime for the business †¢ Ensures business will continue to run as best and effectively as possible during crisis †¢ identifies business priorities so that if services are limited, they can be allocated effectively. †¢ Identifies the person(s) responsible for any actions that need to be taken 2. Scope The scope of DLIS is to plan and implement a working BCP to be used in the event of a disaster or crisis. ThisRead MoreGeneral Dynamics : Organization And Leader Analysis1432 Words   |  6 Pagesorganizational objectives are to develop and train soldiers to use state of the art communication systems. These systems provide the United States military commanders with command and control during combat or civilian unrest. General Dynamics provides training on communications systems to all levels ranging from colonel to privates to ensure understanding of battle command networks and informational systems. In a civilian organization, this could represent the CEO to a mail clerk. Today America fights

Different Types of Racial Discrimination Essay - 2563 Words

What is racism and does it still exist? According to Merriam Dictionary, racism is â€Å"a belief that is the primary determinant of human traits and capacities and that racial differences produce an inherent superiority of a particular race.† Every day, many people experience the harsh act of racism in different forms such as: racial slurs, harassment, or through more obvious acts which are the effects of institutional racist practices. However, something really easy to pin point is that these acts divide into two forms, direct or indirect racist behavior. Direct racial discrimination, is the type of discrimination in which the person who is committing the act has no fear of the public knowing about it and those acts are usually more extreme†¦show more content†¦In this research paper, I am going to name the 3 common form of racism and explain the meaning, give examples, and the consequences of several different acts of racism that happens on daily basis and our past . Also, the effects of those acts on individuals and society as a whole will be discussed to find some solutions to try to help to prevent these acts, or having a better understanding about them. Racial stigma as an inherent and explicit act of racism: â€Å"The concept of racial stigma aims to the probe beneath the cognitive acts of individuals and investigates the structure of social relations within which those individuals operate† [1]. We believe the effects of racial stigma are mostly subtle, and they are deeply embedded in the expressive life of our nation and our narratives about its origins and destiny. For example, America is often said to be the nation of immigrants and a land of opportunities. However, one of the first things immigrants discover when they come to America is that African American is a stigmatized group. Also, another example is how cab drivers are to be afraid to stop for black men because they fear of getting robbed. So, cab drivers begin with the prior assumption that one racial group is more likely than another to harbor robbers. This leads to these inequalities, and these thoughts are most likely to be originated inShow MoreRelatedA Brief Note On Racial And Ethnic Inequality1656 Words   |  7 PagesElizabeth Rubio Professor Alvarez Sociology 180 March 16, 2016 Racial and Ethnic Inequality What is racial and ethnic inequality? To understand racial and ethnic inequality you must understand what is considered race and what is considered ethnicity. According to our textbook, â€Å"Race can be defined as a group or population that shares a set of genetic characteristics and physical features† meanwhile ethnic groups â€Å"are set off to some degree from other groups by displaying a unique set of culturalRead More Racial Discrimination in the Workplace Essay1554 Words   |  7 PagesRacial Discrimination in the Workplace Abstract- Racial discrimination happens all the time and most of us are unaware of it. The most common place for this to happen is in the workplace. Now people can be discriminated against because of their race, religion, or any other numerous things. Also, discrimination can occur during the job interview or even after you got the job. This paper will shoe the effects of racial discrimination and how it can be prevented. In addition there are someRead MoreRacism : Racism Or Racial Profiling923 Words   |  4 Pagesethnicity, gender, religious, and different biological characteristics (ADL archive). The essay will address the impact of racism to individuals and our community, and also further will discuss the nature of racism. Racism or racial profiling is like a cancer that is growing deep in our society. It is more like it’s been passed on from generation to generation, and nothing absolutely has been done about it. Sometimes I do ask myself this question if racism or racial profiling can ever be completelyRead MoreEssay on Discrimination in America1155 Words   |  5 Pagessome sort of discrimination. Discrimination can be defined as treating people differently, negatively or adversely without having a good reason. It is an act making distinction in favor of or against a person based on their group, class or category. There are four major types of discrimination which are gender discrimination, racial and ethnic discrimination, age discrimination and disability discrimination. The first type of discrimination is gender discrimination. Gender discrimination involvesRead MoreRacial Discrimination1052 Words   |  5 Pagesincluding in the workplace. Racial discrimination arises when someone is treated differently based on their actual or perceived race. Many people believe that if one were to be in the vicinity of a respected workplace that they would be respected by all co-workers and employers; this is in no way true. A big amount of minority employees are affected by racial discrimination in the workplace whether it’s from their employers or their fellow co-workers. Racial discrimination is something that is alwaysRead MoreRacial Discrimination in the Workplace Essay examples1721 Words   |  7 PagesHead: RACIAL DISCRIMINATION Racial Discrimination in the Workplace Ryne Bretz Union College Abstract- Racial discrimination happens all the time and most of us are unaware of it. The most common place for this to happen is in the workplace. Now people can be discriminated against because of their race, religion, or any other numerous things. Also, discrimination can occur during the job interview or even after you got the job. This paper will shoe the effects of racial discrimination andRead MoreRacial Discrimination : The Worst Form Of Inequality1388 Words   |  6 Pages Aristotle once said â€Å"The worst form of inequality is to try to make unequal things equal.† Racial discrimination occurs everyday to many different people. In America,the individuals who are usually discriminated against are the minorities like African Americans and Hispanics. Affirmative action is a policy that was created and has been claimed to be positive discrimination. The policy was created to give equal opportunity to groups of people who are usually discriminated against. Although AffirmativeRead MoreA Brief Note On Discrimination And Racial Discrimination1532 Words   |  7 PagesDiscrimination made its way to planet earth way before it could be documented. Racial discrimination happens all over the world both consciously and unconsciously, destroying lives every day. Racial discrimination can best be described as, when a person is treated less favorably than another person in a similar situation because of their race, color, descent, national or ethnic origin or immigrant status. There are many forms of racial discrimination even if we don’t want to face it. Among the mostRead MoreRelationship Between Players’ Salary and Racial Discrimination in Major League Baseball1335 Words   |  6 Pages Racial discrimination in professional sports has always been an issue and committees in professional sports are trying their best to eliminate racial discrimination from both inside and outside of the field. Major League Baseball is one of the professional sports leagues that has a long history about racial discrimination. Relating with this, it is questionable that if racial discrimination affects on players’ salary in MLB. If so, how does racial discrimination affects on the salary and what areRead MoreSociological Theories Of Prejudice And Racism1645 Words   |  7 PagesSociological Theories of Prejudice and Racism Functionalist theory argues for race and ethnic relations to be functional and thus supply to the melodic conduct and strength of society, racial and ethnic minorities must assimilate into that society. Assimilation is a process by which a minority becomes socially, economically, and culturally absorbed within the dominant society. The assimilation perspective assumes that to become fully fledged members of society, alternative groups must adopt as much

Civil Liberties, Habeas Corpus, and the War on Terror Free Essays

The history of the Right of Habeas and the war on terror, it stated in the article The Tissue of Structure by Anthony Gregory â€Å"It has been celebrated for centuries in the Anglo-American tradition as a means of questioning government power. It is probably the most revered of all of the checks and balances in our legal history—as William Blackstone commented,† â€Å"the most celebrated writ in English law† (Gregory, A. 2011, 2nd par. We will write a custom essay sample on Civil Liberties, Habeas Corpus, and the War on Terror or any similar topic only for you Order Now ). The Habeas corpus is to protect the individual from being imprisoned wrongly and due to a fair trial. Although, questions arise regarding whether proper use of habeas corpus been brought into focus over the last ten years. In this essay I will explore the history of Habeas Corpus and how it has evolved over the many years. I will try to briefly explain how the habeas corpus originated and the role the U. S. has and the current actions being taken with it. I will look into the Bush administration and the way the way they dealt with habeas corpus during his administration. Let’s look at the history of habeas corpus it stated in an article entitled Habeas Corpus The most extraordinary writ that the history of â€Å"Habeas Corpus is ancient†. Although the precise origin of Habeas Corpus is uncertain of its antiquity† (Robertson, J. 2008). The primary effects were achieved during the middle ages by the use of a variety of writs, which gave a comparable effect as the modern writ and current policies. It also stated that â€Å"the practice surrounding the writ has evolv ed over time† (Robertson, J. 2008, para. 2). Since the earliest of times the Habeas Corpus was designed to bring forth any person in custody be brought before the court. While the Habeas Corpus was originally the privilege writ of a King and his courts, over the course of hundreds of years’ time has allowed it to evolve into a privilege for the person being detained, or a person or someone acting on his or her interest. Meanwhile Habeas Corpus was generally unknown by the diverse civil law systems of Europe which were devolved from the Roman or Justinian law and the current war on terror. While the civil law systems of Europe favor authority from the top down, the Anglo-Saxon common law favors the individual. Although the Habeas Corpus is an attribute of common law, let it be understood that it is an important one; the right of Habeas Corpus reveals the challenge between the individual and state. â€Å"Habeas Corpus empowers the individual in holding accountable the exercise of the state’s awesome power to restrain liberty† (Robertson, J. 2008, para. 3). The original purpose behind the Habeas Corpus â€Å"was to bring people to the court rather than out of imprisonment† by the year 1230, this would become a well- known characteristic of English law. Which becomes known as â€Å"the Great Writ† the systematization into the English law would come by way of Parliament through Habeas Corpus act of 1641. This generated what is known today as the Darnell’s case, during the case five English noblemen were thrown into the dungeon for refusing to fight for their country’s war with France and Spain. Giving the fact that the men filed suit, King Charles I refused to give details as to why they were imprisoned, â€Å"stating that the law did not require the King to provide any justification as to why they were being imprisoned,† (Jackson, A. 010) The Kings decision generated a deafening outcry from the public, causing the Parliament to seek action immediately the following year. The Habeas rights were expanded by the Parliament several years later with the Habeas Corpus Act of 1679, making it mandatory that â€Å"charges to be brought within a specific time period for anyone detained for criminal acts† (Jackson, A. 2010). By the year 1765, the habeas corpus was securely rooted within the footing of English law, William Blackstone describes the Great Writ as â€Å"a second magna carta, a fortification of our liberties† (Jackson, A. 010). The Habeas Corpus being a deep-seated English right has navigated the Atlantic Ocean when our founders integrated the doctrine of Habeas Corpus into the U. S. constitution. It also stated in the article that â€Å"The privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in Cases of Rebellion or Invasion the public Safety may require it† (Jackson, A. L. 2010). This is known as the â€Å"Suspension Clause† it is a provision that places the ability to suspend habeas corpus in the hands of the congress only in the event of rebellion or an invasion. It goes on to state that despite the clarity of the clause, the American debate on habeas corpus is just beginning. (Jackson, A. 2010). However, being the Habeas Corpus has a long history, being a common law of the land that throughout history the Habeas Corpus has only been authorized to be suspended four times in our history, 1. ) President Lincoln put forth an autarchic suspension during the Civil War, 2. ) post-Civil War Congress would authorize President Grant to suspend the Ku Klux Klan act. 3. ) 1902 when the rebellion in Philippines and 4. comes in 1941 after the attack on Pearl Harbor. (Jackson, A. L. 2010) It would seem that the â€Å"Great Writ† of habeas corpus was established to protect our civil liberties; it ensures us that no one could be imprisoned without having a fair trial. From the late seventeenth century the English constitution was common law and protected the rights of the Englishmen and since 1903 it had been a flawless solution. After the Johnson v. Eisentrager, government officials relying on the court’s decision deemed that holding enemy combatants outside the U. S. territory would inadmissibly keep individuals from filing, claims aimed at the habeas corpus review along with other things. In 2002 the United Stated started conveyance of the captured enemies to Camp X-Ray located at Guantanamo Bay, this causing the legal position of the government were to be tested immediately as the enemy combatants started to arrive. February 2002, claim submissions of the writs of habeas corpus starting coming in from the prisoners of Guantanamo Bay Camp X-Ray. One question one would ask is how will the court respond to claims being filed by the prisoners? The answer to the question is that, answers would come as fast as the writs, they came with deviating answers. It states that during the Coalition of Clergy v. Bush, The U. S. Central division of the District of California would approximate the issue in lue of government expectations; although they relied on the Johnson v. Eisentrager decision they deemed that the court would hold several U. S. itizens under the â€Å"Coalition of Clergy, Lawyers, and Professors â€Å"who had filed â€Å"show cause† petitions on behalf of enemy combatants held at Guantanamo Bay lacked â€Å"standing to assert claims on behalf of the detainees† the court would establish that, although a petitioner may have just cause, the simply lacked the jurisdiction to accommodate. Giving the fact that the Military Commission Act, it does not fully guarantee the full protection of American citizen consti tutional rights for the Guantanamo prisoners. Although Congress tried due process for enemy combatants it would come under major scrutiny. It goes on to state in the article that â€Å"The faint beat of the drum that once existed has now grown to a considerable pounding rhythm. The Court expressed the statutory right of foreign nationals detained at Guantanamo Bay to file habeas corpus claims in federal courts regardless of the geographic location of their detention† and that to suspend the â€Å"Great Writ† and ensure a proper level of protection is afforded to all enemy combatants† (Jackson, A. L. 2010). Let’s take a look into what has transpired since the 9/11 terrorist attacks, In 2006 Congress has passed the Authorization for Use of Military Force, this grants the President the power â€Å"to use all necessitous and suitable force† for all those who were engaged or involved or may have gave sanctuary to any enemy combatants (Pond, B. C. 2009). Let’s take a look as to why and how the reasoning for the U. S. confinement policy deviates from the Bush administration’s order of the comprehensive military order on November 13, 2001, this was intended to preside over the â€Å"Detention, Treatment, and Trial of Certain Non-Citizens in the War Against Terrorism†(Staab, J. B. 2008). Rumor has it they modeled this after President Roosevelt’s military order during World War II, However President Bush’s order put limits on the use of military commissions any non-citizen for whom the president determines: (1) is or was a member of al Qaeda, (2) has committed, aided or abetted, or conspired to commit terrorist acts, or (3) has knowingly harbored one or more of these individuals. (Jackson, A. L. 2010). In the final conflict with Boumethene v. Bush the supreme court ruled in favor of 5 to 4 that the detainees of Guantanamo Bay were indeed allowed to exercise the writ and were granted use of the justice system. Supreme Court Justice Anthony Kennedy stated in the majority opinion: The Constitution is created to survive, and to stay in forced in times of a threat to National security. The Supreme Court brings an end to one of the Nation’s injustices, in giving the prisoners of Guantanamo Bay the justice they are entitled to. This also gives us a lesson on how delicate our constitution rights are in. The role of the President and Commander in chief is Article II of the Constitution states â€Å"The executive Power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America. † Section 2 of Article II states that â€Å"The President shall be Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the Militia of the several States, when called into the actual Service of the United States. † (Levin, 2012) I believe the Role of President would be one of the hardest jobs. Being all the hard decisions he has to make. When dealing with Habeas Corpus and the role of commander-in-chief I wouldn’t want to be in his shoes, because I wouldn’t have a clue as to handle the situation of the war on terror and enemy combatants. Congress’s role in habeas corpus as to when it can be suspended, this is a good thing in them having the right to override the Presidents decision for suspension, we need someone looking out to make sure he isn’t making bad decision or poor judgement. The role of the Supreme Court seems to be the deciding vote to make sure everyone gets their day in court and the right to a fair trial. (Levin, 2010) So in conclusion, Although this has been the most difficult essay I have had to write, I believe the Habeas Corpus is an essential part of our constitution and civil liberties, because you know the ole saying â€Å"innocent until proven guilty† and everyone deserves their day in court and has the right to a fair trial. My thoughts on the war on terror, this is something I don’t fully understand, my question is why we get involved in the problems of other countries why should we get involved if it doesn’t affect us? Why send our soldiers to get killed over another countries problems? Who would have thought that our civil liberties could be so complicated. Why not keep them home and fix some of the problems here at home. How to cite Civil Liberties, Habeas Corpus, and the War on Terror, Essays

Compare and Contrast Union and Confederacy in Civil War free essay sample

The challenges that the Union and the Confederacy faced during the Civil War were very different. Critical weaknesses that seemed unfit for war, plagued the opposing American forces, and would serve to be a continuous obstacle that would need to be conquered by patriotism of the people, for their opposing views. To allow for both sides to be competitive, the efforts put forth had to mold to the varied needs of the armies by both the civilian population and their militaries. To the people in the south the similarity to the colonists in the Revolutionary War, was assimilated to their separatist cause in the Civil War and would be their drive to compete with the dominating Northern states. This mindset started the Confederacy in the Civil War, despite many disadvantages, with the confidence in defeating Union forces, before becoming overwhelmed and being defeated after four well fought years. The original seceding states of the Confederacy consisted of Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, and Alabama. The people of these states saw themselves extremely different than that of the northern states both politically and culturally, and felt continuous pressure from the population dominating in the northern states to conform to northern ideals. It seemed the only and best option to keep the southern way of life was to become an independent Confederate nation. That idea to become a separate nation was not a sudden idea when Lincoln came into office; it was simply not recognized by previous presidents, which would allow for the issue to hit its climax when he was elected. By the time Lincoln came into office, talks of revolution were already at its tipping point, but as stated by Lincoln, â€Å"Both parties deprecated war, but one of them would make war rather than let the nation survive, and the other would accept war rather than let it perish. And the war came. † Feeling sympathy and the same operation as the seceding states Virginia, North Carolina, Arkansas, and Tennessee joined the Confederate forces demanding to be an independent nation. As soon as Lincoln was sworn in, his address to the nation was in attempt to create peace, reassuring the rebellious southern states that their way of life would not change and the president has no legal right to issue any enforcement to take away their freedoms or customs. He also gave warning in affect stating if an action was to start civil war it must be of a southern militant deed to warrant an assault from the Federal Army. The south did not adhere to Lincolns warning because southern independence was Jefferson Davis’, and his followers’ priority. The first Confederate assault came on April 13th and 14th 1861 when Jefferson Davis ordered an attack on Ft. Sumter. On April 15th Lincoln called for 75,000 volunteers to enlist in the armed forces for 90 days. The response from Lincoln’s call to action in the Northern public to fill the volunteer spots was overwhelming. Large numbers of young men from every northern state volunteered to keep the nation whole. Lincoln believed that with the overwhelming population difference between the north and south that the rebel army of the south would be crushed in a matter of days. The first battle of the war demonstrated just how confident the Federal Government was in their efforts to crush the Confederate army. Lincoln ordered General Irvin McDowell to lead the first attack on the Confederate army in the summer of 1861, in what has been come to be known as Battle of Bull Run (Manassas). McDowell led 35,000 new, eager Union troops against less than 20,000 Confederates. The Federal Government was so confident in their expected victory they invited the troop’s friends and families watch the Union army defeat the rebel Confederates. Soon after the Union army arrived, and opened up fire on the smaller rebel army, unexpected Confederate reinforcements came around the side of the Union’s main force. The Confederate reinforcements lead by Stone Wall Jackson did not show their flags and wore very similar uniforms as the Union army, which in turn fooled McDowell’s forces and leading them to believe that they were Union reinforcements. It was well believed until Jackson’s forces began unloading rounds on the Union army stopping McDowell’s forces from advancing, holding the line like â€Å"a stone wall. As the new Union recruits witnessed battle for the first time and felt the lack of preparation, they were quick to retreat back to Washington DC. The Southern victory and the tens of thousands of lives lost proved to the Union that this war was not going to be easily won. The southern states although far less populated and without initial means to manufacture war supplies did have the strengths to be very competitive. Strong, experienced Confederate leadership in their practiced military, and the overall will power to protect their way of life would prove to be their reatest assets. Jefferson Davis became the president of the Confederacy and was a model leader. He developed a distinguished political career with many years served in the senate, he was a West Point graduate, the former Secretary of War, and a veteran of the Mexican American War. He was the ideal candidate for a president in war times. He had the advantage of having General Robert E. Lee commanding his army after Joseph Johnston was injured in The Battle of Bull run. Robert E. Lee due to strong respect, character and performance in the Mexican American war was Lincoln’s first choice as the Union general but Lee’s patriotism to his home state of Virginia would ultimately lead him to be commander of the Confederacy. Over one third of Federal Army’s officers would join Lee in fighting with the Confederate army. The Northern states did not prove to have the same strengths in leadership. Lincoln’s political career consisted of one uneventful term in the House of Representatives. The extent of his military background was a short time spent as head of a small militia that moved Native Americans out of Illinois in 1832. He was tall, gangly, and had some feminine characteristics that did not allow for him to have the strong presence that Jefferson Davis had. A strong military general was hard for Lincoln to find that could win battles, multiple would become general to soon be replaced. The public in the North would also not have the same drive to defeat the south. For the northern population, battles would not be fought on their home land, and if the war was lost the way of life for the Union would not change. This would serve to be one of the largest challenges to overcome for the Union military. It would not be until General Grant would start proving his strong ability to win battles for Lincoln in the west and replace McClellan as commander for his army that the war would start to be in Union favor. Grant used the strengths the north had and used them to exploit the south’s weakness. The Union army was more equipped with men, weapons, and transportation via rail road. Grant was relentless on his attacks on the south and would find a knack for putting his soldiers in harm’s way to ensure victory, because he had more expendable men and he knew the south did not have that luxury. Eventually he would order raids on key southern cities, demoralizing southern civilians, and soldiers alike. The most famous of which was General Sherman’s â€Å"March to the Sea,† where he made his way through Atlanta leaving the city in ruins, and marched to Savannah to capture it and claim it for the Union. After the heart of the south was conquered by Union forces, Confederate troops felt the war hit too close to home and the young southern soldiers wanted to go home to protect their families. The troops were running out of food, supplies, and after hundreds of thousands of troops died, the war was soon coming to an end. General Lee felt the struggle to be futile and the advances of the north to have taken too many lives. He noticed the families left by the young men supporting the Confederacy were not able to support themselves and starving; hope was next to gone and defeat was very near. General Lee’s last forces were in Petersburg just a few miles outside Richmond, the capital of the Confederate Army, which was abandoned on April 2nd 1865 surrounded by General Grant’s army. On April 3rd Richmond was captured by the Union. Lee was pursued by Grant until, on April 9th 1865, Lee finally surrendered. Two weeks after Lee’s surrender the rest of the Confederate forces followed. With Lee’s surrender, he expected to be killed alongside his troops for treason, but Grant, whom had great respect for Lee, graciously accepted his surrender and told Lee and his tired troops to go home and plant crops to make it through winter. Lincoln and Grant alike, recognized that the Northern cause was simply to keep the nation whole, and that though the southern part of the country rose up and fought to separate, they were still part of the same country and did not lose track of what they were fighting for. The efforts the Confederate and the Union armies had to put forth and the tolls the nation had to pay were more costly than anyone could have predicted. Through their efforts the Confederate forces overcame lack of supplies, troops, food, and transportation for four years. The sheer will power, labors, efforts, and lives that the military and southern civilians sacrificed defeated the Union’s expectations. The Union however would overcome their weak military leadership and prove to be victorious by overwhelming the south with their much larger military, and their ability to manufacture and supply their troops with all necessary means to win a war.